IMPORTANT QUESTIONS OF ALDEHYDE KETONE AND CARBOXYLIC ACID

Here are some previous year questions from the CBSE Class 12th board exams for the topic of Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids:

  1. Explain the following reactions giving the structures of the products and write the mechanism of each reaction: (i) Grignard reagent with aldehyde (ii) Acid-catalysed hydration of alkenes to form aldehydes and ketones

  2. Name the following compounds: (i) CH3CHO (ii) CH3CH2CHO (iii) CH3COCH3 (iv) C6H5CHO

  3. Describe the following reactions with an example of each: (i) Cannizzaro reaction (ii) Aldol condensation

  4. Write chemical equations for the following reactions: (i) Oxidation of propanal (ii) Reduction of a ketone with sodium borohydride

  5. Explain the following reactions giving the structures of the products and write the mechanism of each reaction: (i) Esterification reaction (ii) Saponification reaction

  6. Explain the following with an example of each: (i) Nucleophilic addition reaction (ii) Nucleophilic substitution reaction

  7. Explain the following with an example of each: (i) Acidity of carboxylic acids (ii) Relative acidity of carboxylic acids, phenols, and alcohols

  8. Write chemical equations for the following reactions: (i) Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate (ii) Reaction of acetic anhydride with water

  9. Explain the following reactions giving the structures of the products and write the mechanism of each reaction: (i) Reduction of a carboxylic acid with LiAlH4 (ii) Acid-catalysed hydrolysis of an ester

  10. What is Tollen's reagent? Explain the test for aldehydes using Tollen's reagent.

    1. Give two tests to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.
    2. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound: CH3COCH2CH2CH3?
    3. How will you convert benzene into benzoic acid?
    4. Write the reaction of butanone with NaOH.
    5. How will you convert ethanal into but-2-enal?
    6. What happens when an aldehyde is treated with Tollen's reagent?
    7. Explain the Cannizzaro reaction with an example.
    8. How do aldehydes and ketones differ in their boiling points?
    9. Give the chemical equation for the reaction between butyric acid and sodium bicarbonate.
    10. Write the mechanism of nucleophilic addition reaction of a carbonyl compound.

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